What is the definition of background radiation?

Background radiation refers to the natural radiation that is present in the environment, which includes radiation from cosmic rays and terrestrial sources. This type of radiation is an inevitable part of our environment, stemming from various natural processes. Cosmic rays originate from outer space and interact with the Earth's atmosphere and surface. Terrestrial sources come from radioactive materials found in the earth, such as uranium, thorium, and radon gas, which also contribute to the overall background radiation levels.

Understanding background radiation is crucial for several reasons, including assessing overall radiation exposure, differentiating between natural and artificial sources of radiation, and implementing safety measures in environments where radiation exposure is a concern. This knowledge helps individuals, healthcare professionals, and policymakers to make informed decisions regarding radiation safety and public health.